First of all take a deep breath you have to know that there are all kinds of stages and grades of bladder cancer and if you study ones that do not apply it will only confuse you and frighten you badly. Here are a few links that will help you. Know that you and your son are not alone in this we are here and you are in the company of half a million bladder cancer survivors in America alone. Keep posting and asking questions information it the biggest gift that you can give your son at this point. Remember if treated right that non invasive bladder cancer has a survival rate of over 90%.
Excerpt from Massachusetts General Hospital Cancers Centers Bladder Cancer Page
Stage 0—cancer cells have formed a small lump on the surface of the bladder lining (papillary carcinoma) without growing any deeper. Or, cancer cells are growing on the surface of the bladder lining without making a bump (carcinoma in situ), and without growing any deeper.
http://www.bladdercancersupport.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=45&Itemid=102
Excerpt from the Cleveland Clinic Bladder Cancer Page
Intravesical therapy - Cancer treatment that is placed directly into the bladder through a catheter rather than being given by mouth or injected into a vein. The most common form of intravesical therapy used in bladder cancer is immunotherapy. This treatment causes the body's own immune system to attack the cancer. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is considered to be quite effective for treating low-stage bladder cancer. BCG, a vaccine derived from the bacteria that causes tuberculosis, is placed into the bladder. The body's immune systems will then respond to the cancer treatment and destroy bladder cancer cells. BCG is usually given once a week for six weeks. Sometimes long-term "maintenance" BCG therapy is given. BCG therapy may be combined with a transurethral resection of the tumor. Other intravesical therapies include interferon (immunotherapy) and mitomycin C (chemotherapy). Interferons are naturally occurring compounds that can help slow the growth of tumors. They are administered directly into the bladder through a catheter, just as BCG. Chemotherapy with mitomycin C can also be administered directly into the bladder. The way chemotherapy works as a cancer treatment is by affecting the DNA of any growing cancer cell. When given directly into the bladder, chemotherapy won’t reach other parts of the body, thus limiting unwanted side effects that can occur with systemic chemotherapy, which affects other organs.
http://www.bladdercancersupport.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=15&Itemid=63